Intertwined evolution operators (Q2362742)

The authors introduce test function spaces of Banach-space-valued functions defined on an abelian group and study homomorphisms from the test functions to the underlying Banach space which are admissible in the sense that homomorphisms of translates are test functions. These homomorphisms induce linear mappings, so-called dualisms, in the test function space, and it is possible to define a product of them, corresponding to the composition of the induced dualisms. By creating sufficient analytic structure via considering only continuous test functions, it becomes possible to study time-dependent homomorphisms as replacement for families of bounded evolution operators, admitting Laplace transforms and the proof of analogues of standard results on Laplace transforms. Causal relations are introduced in analogy to semigroups and empathies, with the classical composition of operators replaced by the product of homomorphisms, and corresponding resolvent equations are derived. Letting the test space be the Banach space of bounded continuous test functions, classical results of semigroup theory are carried over, generators for the causal relations are defined, and Hille-Yosida type theorems proved. As an example, the convolution semigroup associated with a stochastic process with independent increments is discussed.