Seshadri constants on surfaces with Picard number 1 (Q2364446)

In the present paper, the author provides new lower bounds for multi-point Seshadri constants for smooth projective surfaces with Picard number \(1\). Let us recall that if \(X\) is a smooth projective variety and \(L\) is a nef line bundle on \(X\), then for \(x_{1},\dots, x_{r} \in X\) with \(r\geq 1\) the multi-point Seshadri constant of \(L\) at \(x_{1},\dots,x_{r}\) is defined as \[ \varepsilon(X,L;x_{1}, \dots,x_{r}) := \text{inf}_{C \cap \{x_{1}, \dots,x_{r}\} \neq \emptyset} \frac{L.C}{\sum_{i=1}^{r} \text{mult}_{x_{i}}C}, \] where \(\text{mult}_{x_{i}}(C)\) denotes the multiplicity of \(C\) at \(x_{i}\). We can also define \[ \varepsilon(X,L;r) := \text{max}_{x_{1}, \dots,x_{r} \in X} \quad \varepsilon(X,L,;x_{1}, \dots,x_{r}), \] and it is known that \(\varepsilon(X,L;r)\) is attained at a very general set of points \(x_{1}, \dots,x_{r} \in X\). The main aim of the paper is to give new and in some cases better bounds on \(\varepsilon(X,L;r)\) for smooth complex projective surfaces \(X\) with Picard number \(1\). The main result can be formulated as follows. Main Result. Let \(X\) be a smooth complex projective surface with Picard number \(1\). Let us denote by \(L\) the ample generator of the Néron-Severi group \(\text{NS}(X)\) and let \(r \geq 2\) be an integer. Then we have the following. (1) If \((r,L^{2}) = (2,6)\), then \(\varepsilon(X,L;r) \geq \frac{3}{2}\). If the equality holds, \(\varepsilon(X,L;2)\) is achieved by a curve \(C \in |L|\) which passes through two very general points with the multiplicity each equal to two. (2) If \((r,L^{2}) \neq (2,6)\), then one of the following holds: (a) \(\varepsilon(X,L;r) \geq \sqrt{\frac{r+2}{r+3}} \sqrt{\frac{L^{2}}{r}}\), or (b) if \(\varepsilon(X,L;r) < \sqrt{ \frac{r+2}{r+3}} \sqrt{ \frac{L^{2}}{r}}\), then for some \(d \geq 1\) there exists an irreducible and reduced curve \(C \in |dL|\) which passes through \(s\leq r\) very general points \(x_{1}, \dots, x_{s}\) with the multiplicity one each, \(s-1 \leq C^{2}\), and \(\varepsilon(X,L;r) = \frac{C.L}{s} = \frac{dL^{2}}{s}\).