On the limit behavior of recurrence coefficients for multiple orthogonal polynomials (Q2369540)

In the standard theory of orthogonal polynomials (OP) the three-term recurrence relation plays a prominent role. It allows in particular to define the so-called Nevai class, characterizing the existence of the ratio asymptotics of OPs, as well as to study the uniform boundedness of their zeros in terms of an analogous property of the recurrence coefficients. It is as well the standard connection between OPs and the spectral theory of linear operators. The multiple orthogonal polynomials (MOP), whose orthogonality conditions are distributed among several measures, feature a higher order recurrence relation, posing similar problems as those mentioned above. This is the object of study of this paper. It should be mentioned that the situation in the case of MOPs is much more complicated. Even normality (i.e.\ existence of polynomials of the prescribed maximal degree) is not a trivial issue, and positive results have been obtained only for some specific classes of measure configurations (so-called Angelesco or Nikishin systems). The authors prove, in particular, that under additional assumptions boundedness of the recurrence coefficients is equivalent to uniform boundedness of the zeros of MOPs. Furthermore (and extending classical Nevai's results), the equivalence of existence of (periodic) limits of the coefficients and the ratio asymptotics of MOPs is established. Finally, the authors discuss in some detail the situation of the Angelesco and Nikishin systems corresponding to two measures. In a particular case of an Angelesco system with measures supported on two intervals of the form \([a,0]\) and \([0,1]\), \(a\in [-1,0)\), all the computations are carried out explicitly in terms of a related algebraic function.