Gevrey hypoellipticity for linear and non-linear Fokker-Planck equations (Q2378195)

The authors study the Gevrey regularity of the weak solutions for the following Fokker-Planck operator in \(\mathbb{R}^{2n+1}\), \[ L:= \partial_t+ v\partial_x- a(t,x,v)\Delta_v, \] where \(\Delta_v\) is the Laplace operator in the velocity variables \(v\) and \(a(t,x,v)\) is a strictly positive function in \(\mathbb{R}^{2n+1}\). They prove that for any \(s\geq 3\), if \(a\in G^s(\mathbb{R}^{2n+1})\), then the operator \(L\) is \(G^s\)-hypoelliptic in \(\mathbb{R}^{2n+1}\). The proof is based on a sharp subelliptic estimate for \(L\), obtained by direct computation. They also consider the semi-linear equation \(Lu= F(t,x,v,u,\nabla_v u)\) and prove that if \(u\in L^\infty_{\text{loc}}(\mathbb{R}^{2n+1})\), \(\nabla_v u\in L^\infty_{\text{loc}}(\mathbb{R}^{2n+1})\) and \(u\) is a weak solution of the equation \(Lu= F\), then \(u\in G^s(\mathbb{R}^{2n+1})\) for any \(s\geq 3\) if the positive coefficient \(a\in G^s(\mathbb{R}^{2n+1})\) and the nonlinear function \(F(t,x,v,w,p)\in G^s(\mathbb{R}^{2n+ 2+ n})\).