Fast rotating Bose-Einstein condensates in an asymmetric trap (Q2391260)

The present paper departs from an earlier work [\textit{A. Aftalion, X. Blanc} and \textit{F. Nier}, J. Funct. Anal. 241, No. 2, 661--702 (2006; Zbl 1118.82004)] on mathematical aspects of fast rotating condensates in harmonic isotropic traps. This was done by means of a minimisation of the Gross-Pitaevskii energy and the introduction of Bargmann spaces to describe the lowest Landau level sets of states. The aim of the present article is to analyze the effect of aniosotropy on the energy minimization and the vortex pattern, and to give a mathematical meaning to a number of computations and conjectures due to \textit{A. Fetter} [Phys. Rev. A 75, 013620 (2007)]. This is done in the framework of the 2D Gross-Pitaevskii equation and requires a symplectic reduction of quadratic forms defining the energy. Two regimes of velocity and anisotropy are analyzed. In the first one, the asymptotics of large rotational velocity has been shown to yield an upper bound: a hexagonal Abrikosov lattice of vortices. In the second, dealing with very large velocities, the absence of vortices has been shown in the ground state, in the bulk. A number of features of the second regime appear as new phenomena.