Symplectic structures on moduli spaces of framed sheaves on surfaces (Q2392896)

Let \((X, {\mathcal O}_X(1))\) be a nonsingular projective polarized surface over an algebraically closed field \(k\) of characteristic zero. Let also \(D\) be an effective divisor and \(F_D\) a locally free \({\mathcal O}_D\)-module. The author introduces a notion of a \((D, F_D)\)-framed sheaf on \(X\) which generalizes analogous notion for vector bundles. Also, the notion of a framed Atiyah class of a flat family of framed sheaves and the Kodaira--Spencer map for framed sheaves are developed. The notion of a framed sheaf is a particular case of the notion of a framed module which was introduced by \textit{D. Huybrechts} and \textit{M. Lehn} [J. Algebr. Geom. 4, No. 1, 67--104 (1995; Zbl 0839.14023)], [Int. J. Math. 6, No. 2, 297--324 (1995; Zbl 0865.14004)]. Applying the framed Atiyah class, the author proves the formula for the tangent space to the moduli space for \((D, F_D)\)-framed sheaves with Hilbert polynomial \(P\) on \(X\), at a smooth point. The formula proven is analogous to the formula for the tangent space to the moduli of Gieseker-stable torsion-free sheaves. Furthermore, the author defines a skew-symmetric bilinear form on the moduli space of framed sheaves and proves that it is closed and nondegenerate. In particular under some condition it defines a symplectic structure on the moduli space. As an application, the symplectic structures on moduli spaces of \((D, F_D)\)-framed sheaves are constructed on some birationally ruled surfaces, as well as a generalization of \textit{F. Bottacin}'s construction [Math. Nachr. 220, 33--44 (2000; Zbl 1012.14002)] of symplectic structures induced by nondegenerate Poisson structures for \(\mathbb{CP}^1 \times \mathbb{CP}^1\), \(C\times \mathbb{CP}^1\) where \(C\) elliptic curve, and for Hirzebruch surface \(F_2,\) under a suitable choice of \(D\) and for \(F_D={\mathcal O}_D^{\oplus r}\). Also for \(\mathbb{CP}^2\) and its blowup at a point, under a suitable choice of \(D\) and of \(F_D\), new examples of non-compact holomorphic symplectic structures are found which are not produced by Bottacin's construction.