On \(\omega\)-independent bases for quasi-identities (Q2403653)

A quasivariety \(\mathbf{K}\) is a class of algebraic systems closed under isomorphisms, subsystems, direct products, and ultraproducts, or equivalently a class defined by quasi-identities. Any defining set of quasi-identities for \(\mathbf{K}\) is called a (quasi-equational) \textit{basis} of \(\mathbf{K}\). A quasivariety \(\mathbf{K}\) has an \textit{\(\omega\)-independent basis} if there exists a set \(\Phi\) of quasi-identities with a partition \(\Phi=\bigcup_{n\in\mathbb{N}}\Phi_n\) such that \(\mathbf{K}=\mathrm{Mod}(\Phi)\) and \(\mathbf{K}\neq\mathrm{Mod}(\Phi-\Phi_n)\) for each \(n\in\mathbb{N}\). The authors show that there are continuum many quasivarieties of graphs, monounary algebras, digraphs and pointed abelian groups having an \(\omega\)-independent basis of quasi-identities. It was already known that there are continuum many quasivarieties of graphs, monounary algebras, digraphs and pointed abelian groups having no independent basis of quasi-identities. All these investigations are connected with the study of complexity of quasivariety lattices. A detailed bibliography of earlier results is included.