Existence and analyticity of mild solutions for the 3D rotating Navier-Stokes equations (Q2406436)

Two problems describing the rotating flow of an incompressible viscous fluid are studied in the paper. The first one is the Cauchy problem. \[ \begin{aligned} \frac{\partial u}{\partial t}-\Delta u+\Omega e_3\times u+(u\cdot\nabla u)+\nabla p=0,\quad \text{div}\,u=0,\quad x\in\mathbb{R}^3,\;t>0,\\ u(x,0)=u_0(x),\quad x\in\mathbb{R}^3. \end{aligned} \] The second problem is the time-periodic problem with external force \[ \begin{aligned} \frac{\partial u}{\partial t}-\Delta u+\Omega e_3\times u+(u\cdot\nabla u)+\nabla p=f,\quad \text{div}\,u=0,\quad x\in\mathbb{R}^3,\;t\in\mathbb{R},\\ u(\cdot,t+\omega)=u(\cdot,t),\quad t\in\mathbb{R}. \end{aligned} \] Here \(u=(u_1,u_2,u_3)\) is the velocity of a fluid, \(p\) is the pressure, \(u_0\) is the given initial velocity, \(f(x,t)\) is the given time-periodic external force with period \(\omega\), \(\Omega\in\mathbb{R}\) is the Coriolis parameter, which is twice angular velocity of the rotation around the vertical unit vector \(e_3=(0,0,1)\). The authors study unique existence and analyticity of global mild solutions to the both problems. A mild solution is defined via the Riesz transform and the Stokes-Coriolis semigroup. It is proved that the Cauchy problem has unique mild solution if the initial velocity \(u_0\) is small with respect to \(|\Omega|\). The time-periodic problem has unique mild solution if the external force \(f\) is small with respect to \(|\Omega|\).