Two infinite series of moduli spaces of rank 2 sheaves on \({\mathbb {P}}^3\) (Q2406454)

Let \(\mathcal{M}(n)\) be the moduli space of semistable rank 2 sheaves with the first and the third Chern class 0, and the second Chern class \(nH^2\) on \(\mathbb{P}^3\), where \(H\) is the hyperplane class on \(\mathbb{P}^3\). The paper studies two kinds of irreducible components of \(\mathcal{M}(n)\), denoted by \(\overline{\mathcal{T}(n,l)}\) and \(\overline{\mathcal{C}(d_1,d_2,c)}\) respectively. It also shows that the numbers of both \(\overline{\mathcal{T}(n,l)}\) and \(\overline{\mathcal{C}(d_1,d_2,c)}\) inside \(\mathcal{M}(n)\) grows unboundedly as \(n\rightarrow +\infty\). A generic point in \(\overline{\mathcal{T}(n,l)}\) corresponds to a torsion free sheaf \(E\) lying in the following exact sequence \[ 0\rightarrow E\rightarrow E^{\vee\vee}\rightarrow Q_E\rightarrow 0, \] with \(E^{\vee\vee}\) the reflexive hull of \(E\) such that \(E^{\vee\vee}\) is stable (hence \(\mu\)-stable), \(c_2(E^{\vee\vee})=c_2(E)=n\) and \(c_3(E^{\vee\vee})=l\), and \(Q_E\) a zero-dimensional sheaf with length \(l\). In particular, by Ein's result one can construct such \(E^{\vee\vee}\) by the following exact sequence \[ 0\rightarrow \mathcal{O}_{\mathbb{P}^3}(-3)^{\oplus a}\oplus \mathcal{O}_{\mathbb{P}^3}(-2)^{\oplus b}\oplus \mathcal{O}_{\mathbb{P}^3}(-1)^{\oplus c}\rightarrow\mathcal{O}_{\mathbb{P}^3}^{\oplus (a+b+c+2)}\rightarrow E^{\vee\vee}(k)\rightarrow 0, \] with \(a,b,c\geq 0\) and \(k:=\frac{3a+2b+c}2\in \mathbb{Z}_{>0}\). One sees the \(\mu\)-stability of \(E^{\vee\vee}\) by \(H^0(E^{\vee\vee})=0\) and \(E\in\mathcal{M}(n)\) if \(k^2+3k-(b+c)=n\). For any integer \(q\geq 1\), one can find \(n\) big enough so that there are more than \(q\) triples \((a,b,c)\) such that \(a,b,c\geq 0\), \(k:=\frac{3a+2b+c}2\in \mathbb{Z}_{>0}\) and \(k^2+3k-(b+c)=n\). Therefore the number of components \(\overline{\mathcal{T}(n,l)}\) insides \(\mathcal{M}(n)\) grows unboundedly as \(n\) grows. A generic point in \(\overline{\mathcal{C}(d_1,d_2,c)}\) corresponds to a torsion free sheaf \(E\) lying in the following exact sequence \[ 0\rightarrow E\rightarrow E^{\vee\vee}\rightarrow Q_E\rightarrow 0, \] where the reflexive hull \(E^{\vee\vee}\) is an instanton bundle with charge \(c\geq 0\), and \(Q_E\) is a pure one-dimensional sheaf supported at a curve obtained as the intersection of two hypersufaces of degree \(d_1\) and \(d_2\). One asks \(n=d_1d_2+c\), \(d_1\leq d_2\) and \((d_1,d_2)\neq (1,1), ~(1,2)\). With analogous argument, one sees that the number of components \(\overline{\mathcal{C}(d_1,d_2,c)}\) insides \(\mathcal{M}(n)\) grows unbounded as \(n\) grows, because the number of possible choices of \((d_1,d_2,c)\in\mathbb{Z}_{\geq 0}^3\) satisfying \(1\leq d_1\leq d_2\) and \(d_1d_2+c=n\) grows unboundedly. The authors also showed there are instanton sheaves in \(\overline{\mathcal{C}(d_1,d_2,c)}\) for any \(c\geq 0, ~1\leq d_1\leq d_2\). Finally by explicit description, the authors showed that \(\mathcal{M}(2)\) is connected with three irreducible components and \(\mathcal{M}(3)\) contains at least seven irreducible components all of whom the union is connected.