Classification and equivariant cohomology of circle actions on 3d manifolds (Q2410653)

In [\textit{P. Orlik} and \textit{F. Raymond}, in: Proc. Conf. Transform. Groups, New Orleans 1967, 297--318 (1968; Zbl 0172.25402); \textit{F. Raymond}, Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 131, 51--78 (1968; Zbl 0157.30602)], the authors classified smooth effective \(S^1\)-actions on closed \(3\)-manifolds up to equivariant diffeomorphism, in terms of numerical data associated to the quotient orbifold. The present paper extends the classification to smooth effective \(S^1\)-actions on compact \(3\)-manifolds \(M\) which preserve the boundary \(\partial M\). The extended classification is then applied, along with the equivariant Mayer-Vietoris sequence, to give a complete description of the Borel equivariant cohomology \(H^*_{S^1}(M;\mathbb{Q})\), both as a ring and as an \(H^*(BS^1;\mathbb{Q})\)-module. The paper concludes by giving necessary and sufficient conditions for \(M\) to be \(S^1\)-equivariantly formal, in the case when \(\partial M = \emptyset\).