Ideal containments under flat extensions (Q2411396)

A challenging problem in commutative algebra is to determine the difference between a regular and symbolic power of an ideal. Definition: In a commutative Noetherian domain \(R\), the \(m\)th \textit{symbolic power} of an ideal \(I\) is \[ I^{(m)} = R \cap \bigcap_{P \in \mathrm{Ass}_R(I)} I^mR_P \subseteq R_{(0)}. \] Comparing regular and symbolic powers of \(I\) has not only been at the heart of many historical problems but has recently driven the research of many experts. Results of \textit{L. Ein} et al. [Invent. Math. 144, No. 2, 241--252 (2001; Zbl 1076.13501)] and \textit{M. Hochster} and \textit{C. Huneke} [Invent. Math. 147, No. 2, 349--369 (2002; Zbl 1061.13005)] show that \[ I^{(mr)} \subseteq (I^{(r+1-n)})^m \] for all \(m \in \mathbb N\) and \(r \geq n\) for all homogeneous ideals \(I \subseteq k[x_0, \ldots, x_n]\). Further, of particular interest has been a list of conjectured containments presented by \textit{B. Harbourne} and \textit{C. Huneke} [J. Ramanujan Math. Soc. 28A, 247--266 (2013; Zbl 1296.13018)]. This paper focuses on the conjectured containment \(I^{(rn-n+1)} \subseteq I^r\) for all \(r\) and homogeneous ideals \(I \subseteq k[x_0, \ldots, x_n]\). \textit{M. Dumnicki} et al. [J. Algebra 393, 24--29 (2013; Zbl 1297.14008)] give the first counter-example to the containment \(I^{(3)} \subseteq I^2\) when \(I\) is the ideal of the 12 points dual to the 12 lines of the Hesse configuration. The author of this paper provides many new counter-examples to \(I^{(rn-n+1)} \subseteq I^r\) by considering flat morphisms \(\mathbb P^n \rightarrow \mathbb P^n\). The counter-examples are the result of three lemmas and one theorem. The main theorem states: Theorem: Let \(R = S = k[y_0, \ldots, y_n]\) and \(I \subseteq S\) be a saturated homogeneous ideal such that \(V(I) \subseteq \mathbb P^n\) is a 0-dimensional subscheme. Let \(\varphi: S \rightarrow R\) be given by \(y_i \mapsto f_i\), \(0 \leq i \leq n\), where \(\{f_0, \ldots, f_n\}\) is an \(R\)-regular sequence of homogeneous elements of \(R\) of the same degree. Let \(\varphi_*(I)\) denote the ideal in \(R\) generated by \(\varphi(I)\). Then \(I^{(m)} \subseteq I^r\) if and only if \((\varphi_*(I))^{(m)} \subseteq (\varphi_*(I))^r\). The underlying ideal behind this paper is motivated by the work of \textit{A. V. Geramita} et al. [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 369, No. 10, 7049--7066 (2017; Zbl 1391.14109)].