Shuffle algebras associated to surfaces (Q2414599)

Let \(S\) be a smooth projective surface over \(\mathbb C\) \(H\subset S\). Fix \((r,c1) \in \mathbb N \times H^2(S,\mathbb Z)\) such that \(r,c_1\cdot H)=1\), and define \[\mathcal M=\coprod_{c_2\ge \frac{r-1}{2r}c_1^2} \mathcal M_{r,c_1,c_2},\] where \(\mathcal M_{r,c_1,c_2}\) is the moduli space of \(H\)-stable sheaves of rank \(r\) and the first and second Chern classes \(c_1, c_2\). Let \(K_{\mathcal M}\) be the direct sum of the \(K\)-theory group of each component, and let \(G \{\!\{z\}\!\}\) denote the space of bi-infinite series in \(z\) with coefficients in an abelian group \(G\). The paper under review defines the operators \(e(z), f(z) : K_{\mathcal M}\to K_{\mathcal M\times S}\{\!\{z\}\!\}\) similarly to the construction of Nakajima and Grojnowski in cohomology of Hilbert schemes. It also defines operators \(h(z)^{\pm} : K_{\mathcal M}\to K_{\mathcal M\times S}[\![z^{\mp}]\!]\) by tensor product with the full exterior power of the dual universal sheaf times the canonical of class \(S\) minus 1. The main result of the paper proves the operators above satisfy certain explicit relations. When restricted to the diagonal \(S \hookrightarrow S \times S\), the relations match those in the Ding-Iohara-Miki algebra. That is to say the algebra generated by these operators can be interpreted as an ``off the diagonal'' version of the Ding-Iohara-Miki algebra. The algebra generated by the operator \(e(z)\) is described by a universal shuffle algebra. The paper also performs explicit computations of the operators above under an extra assumption on the surface \(S\).