Bose-Einstein condensation in a dilute, trapped gas at positive temperature (Q2415342)

In this paper, it is investigated an interacting, dilute Bose gas trapped in a harmonic potential at a positive temperature. In considerd system is analyzed in a combination of a thermodynamic and a Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) limit where the trap frequency \(\omega\), the temperature \(T\), and the particle number \(N\) are related by \(N\sim (T/\omega)^3\to \infty\) while the scattering length is so small that the interaction energy per particle around the center of the trap is of the same order of magnitude as the spectral gap in the trap. The authors establish the difference between the canonical free energy of the interacting gas and the one of the noninteracting system can be obtained by minimizing the GP energy functional. A Bose-Einstein condensation is proved in the following sense: The one-particle density matrix of any approximate minimizer of the canonical free energy functional is to leading order given by that of the noninteracting gas but with the free condensate wave-function replaced by the GP minimizer.