\(\zeta \)-function and heat kernel formulae (Q2429771)

The authors present a detailed and systematic study of the asymptotics of some generalised \(\zeta\)-functions and heat kernels frequently occurring in noncommutative geometry à la Connes. To describe some of the results obtained by them, let us fix a separable Hilbert space \(H\) and denote by \(\text{Tr}\) and \(\text{Tr}_\omega\) the usual trace and the Dixmier trace (w.r.t. a suitable Banach limit \(\omega\) on the sequence space \(l^\infty\)), respectively. The authors study the following types of functions: \[ \xi_\omega(A):=\omega^\prime\left( \frac{1}{t} \text{Tr}\left(\text{exp}(-(tA)^{-q})\right)\right), \] \[ \zeta_\gamma(A):=\gamma\left(\frac{1}{t} \text{Tr}(A^{1+\frac{1}{t}})\right), \] where \(\gamma : L_\infty(0, \infty) \to \mathbb R\) is some generalised limit, \(\omega^\prime=\omega \circ M,\) \((Mx)(t)=\frac{1}{\log{t}} \int_1^t x(s) \frac{ds}{s},\) \(t \in (0, \infty).\) Here \(A\) is a positive bounded operator on \(H\) and \(q>0\). The interplay between the functionals \(\text{Tr}_\omega\), \(\xi_\omega\), \(\zeta_\gamma\) on the class \[ \mathcal M_{1,\infty}=\{ T : \sup_{n \in N} \frac{1}{\log{n+1}} \sum_{k=1}^n \mu_k(T) < \infty\} \] (where the \(\mu_k(T)\)'s denote the singular values of \(T\) arranged with multiplicities in decreasing order), and their properties are investigated. Of particular interest is the class of those \(\omega\) which are dilation invariant, i.e., \(\omega \circ M=\omega\). It is proved by the authors that for any dilation invariant \(\omega\), \(\xi_\omega\) extends to a fully symmetric functional, i.e., it respects the order \(\ll\) on positive operators in \(\mathcal M_{1,\infty}\) defined by \(A\ll B\) iff \(\sum_{k=1}^n \mu_k(A) \leq \sum_{k=1}^n \mu_k(B)\) for all \(n\). Conversely, it is deduced that every normalised fully symmetric functional on \(\mathcal M_{1,\infty}\) is of the form \(\xi_\omega\) for some dilation invariant \(\omega\). The paper is an important contribution to the foundation of noncommutative geometry.