Willem Blok's contribution to abstract algebraic logic (Q2433093)

This is a survey paper about some results proved by W. Blok in the theory of abstract algebraic logics. The first result is a characterization of protoalgebraic logics by the Leibniz operator. A deductive system \({\mathcal S}\) is called protoalgebraic if for every set of formulas \(\Gamma\) every two \(\Gamma\)-equivalent formulas are \(\Gamma\)-interderivable. For a deductive system \({\mathcal S}\): \({\mathcal S}\) is protoalgebraic \(\Leftrightarrow\Omega_{\mathbf{Fm}}\) is monotone on Th\( {\mathcal S}\Leftrightarrow\) for every algebra \textbf{A}, \(\Omega_{\mathbf {A}}\) is monotone on Fi\(_{\mathcal S}\Leftrightarrow{\mathcal S}\) has the correspondence property, that is, if for any two models \({\mathcal M},{\mathcal N}\) of \({\mathcal S}\) and every strict homomorphism \(h\) from \({\mathcal M}\) onto \({\mathcal N}\) the map that sends every \({\mathcal S}\)-filter \(H\) of \({\mathcal M}\) to \(h[H]\) is an isomorphism between \(\text{Fi}_{\mathcal S}{\mathcal M}\) and \(\text{Fi}_{\mathcal S}{\mathcal N}\). Next, the results about algebraizable logics are presented. A deductive system \({\mathcal S}\) is called algebraizable if there is a \(\tau\)-algebraic semantics \(K\), for some \(\tau(p)\), and a \((2,1)\)-translation \(\rho(p,q)\) such that \(\tau\) and \(\rho\) are mutually inverse. In this case \(K\) is called an equivalent algebraic semantics for \({\mathcal S}\). Fundamental and important theorems for the algebraizable logics are expressed as Theorem 3 and Theorem 4: Theorem 3. A deductive system \({\mathcal S}\) is algebraizable iff there exist a finite set of formulas \(\Delta(p,q)\) and a finite set of equations \(\tau(p)\) such that (1) \(\vdash_{\mathcal S}\Delta (\varphi,\varphi)\) (2) \(\Delta(\varphi,\psi),\Delta(\psi,\eta)\vdash_{\mathcal S}\Delta (\varphi,\eta)\) (3) \(\Delta(\varphi,\psi)\vdash_{\mathcal S}\Delta (\psi, \varphi)\) (4) \(\varphi\vdash_{\mathcal S}\Delta[\tau(\varphi)]\) and \(\Delta[\tau(\varphi)]\vdash_{\mathcal S}\varphi\) (5) \(\bigcup_{i<n} \Delta (\varphi_i,\psi_i)\vdash_{\mathcal S}\Delta(*\varphi_0\cdots \varphi_{n-1},*\psi_0 \cdots\psi_{n-1})\) for each connective \(*\), where \(n\) is its arity. Theorem 4. A deductive system \({\mathcal S}\) is algebraizable iff the Leibniz operator is injective and continuous on the lattice of \({\mathcal S}\)-theories. Moreover, a result with respect to a (local) deduction-detachment theorem is also described. A \(k\)-deductive system \({\mathcal S}\) has a local deduction-detachment theorem if there is a family \(\{\Delta_i(p,q)\mid i\in I\}\) of sets of formulas in two variables such that for all \(\Gamma\subseteq Fm^k_{\mathcal L}\) and all \(\varphi, \psi\in Fm^k_{\mathcal L}\), \[ \Gamma,\varphi\vdash_{\mathcal S}\psi\text{ iff } \Gamma \vdash_{\mathcal S}\Delta_i(\varphi,\psi),\text{ for some }i\in I. \] If the family has a single element \(\Delta\), then it is said that \({\mathcal S}\) has a deduction-detachment theorem. As to the property, the following result is very important. Theorem 8. A quasivariety \textbf{K} has equationally definable principal relative congruences iff \({\mathcal S}^2_{\mathbf {K}}\) has a deduction-detachment theorem. These results above are fundamental and important in the theory of AAL (abstract algebraic logics).