Covariant distributions on hyperbolic spaces (Q2436866)

From the author's introduction: Let \(G \) be a real Lie group acting linearly on a real finite-dimensional vector space \(V \) and on a finite-dimensional complex vector space \(E \). Let \(\mathcal P(V,E) \) denote the space of polynomial mappings from \(V \) to \(E\). An element \(P\in \mathcal P(V,E) \) is called covariant if \(P(g\cdot x)=g\cdot P(x) \) for all \(x\in V\) and \(g\in G\). Denote by \(\mathcal D'(V,E) \) the space of distributions on \(V \) with values in \(E \), i.e., the space of continuous linear functions on the Fréchet space \(C^\infty_c(V,E^*) \). A distribution \(T\in \mathcal D'(V,E^*) \) is called covariant if \(\langle{T},{g^{-1}\cdot f\cdot g}\rangle=\langle{T},{f}\rangle \) for all \(g\in G \) and \(f\in C_c^\infty(V,E^*) \). For \(P\in \mathcal P(V,E)^G \) and \(S\in \mathcal D'(V)^G \), one defines the distribution \(SP\in \mathcal D '(V,E)^G\) by \(\langle{SP},{f}\rangle:=\langle{S},{\big({x\mapsto \langle{f(x)},{P(x)}\rangle}\,{}\big)}\rangle\). In the case where \(\mathcal P(V,E)^G \) is a module of finite type over the ring \(\mathcal P(V)^G \), denoting by \(P_1,\dots, P_k \) a generating family, one obtains a factorization of \(T\in\mathcal D'(V,E)^G \) of the form \(T=\sum_{i=1 }^k S_i P_i\) for some \(S_i\in \mathcal D'(V)^G\). This factorization has been investigated in several cases (see [\textit{A. I. Oksak}, Commun. Math. Phys. 46, 269--287 (1976; Zbl 0331.46028)]; [\textit{P. Lavaud}, J. Funct. Anal. 219, No. 1, 226--244 (2005; Zbl 1057.22011)] and [\textit{A. Bouaziz}, J. Funct. Anal. 257, No. 10, 3203--3217 (2009; Zbl 1190.22014)]). In this paper, the author studies the covariant distributions on the hyperbolic spaces. More precisely, the author considers the real symmetric pairs \((\mathfrak s\mathfrak o(p+1,q) ,(\mathfrak s\mathfrak o(p,q))\), \((\mathfrak s\mathfrak u(p+1,q),\mathfrak s(\mathfrak u(p,q)\times \mathfrak u(1))) \), and \((\mathfrak s\mathfrak p(p+1,q),\mathfrak s\mathfrak p(1)\times \mathfrak s \mathfrak p(p,q)) \) for \(p,q\in \mathbb N\). Denote by \((\mathfrak g, \mathfrak k) \) one of these pairs, by \(\mathfrak p \) the orthogonal of \(\mathfrak k \) in \(\mathfrak g \) with respect to the Killing form, and by \(K \) the connected component of the subgroup of the adjoint group of \(\mathfrak g \) whose Lie algebra is \(\mathfrak k \). Fix a finite-dimensional irreducible representation \((\rho,E) \) of \(K \). It is shown first that the space \(\mathcal P(\mathfrak p,E)^K \) is a rank \(\leq \) one module over the ring \(\mathcal P( \mathfrak p)^K \) of \(K \)-invariant polynomials on \(\mathfrak p \). The main result of the paper states that, if \(\mathcal P(\mathfrak p,E)^K \neq \{0\} \), then each \(K \)-covariant distribution \(T\in \mathcal D'(\mathfrak p,E)^K \) can be written in the form \(SP_0 \), where \(S \) is a \(K \)-invariant distribution on \(\mathfrak p \) and \(P_0 \) a generator of the \(\mathcal P( \mathfrak p)^K \)-module. The author studies first distributions in \(\mathcal D'(\mathfrak p\setminus \{0\}),E)^K \). There are two cases to consider, either \(\mathfrak g\otimes \mathbb C\not=\mathfrak s\mathfrak o(3,\mathbb C) \) or ``=''. In the first case, explicit computations have to be done. The second case follows from [\textit{Harish-Chandra}, Am. J. Math. 86, 271--309 (1964; Zbl 0131.33302)]. The results from [\textit{J. Faraut}, J. Math. Pures Appl., IX. Sér. 58, 369--444 (1979; Zbl 0436.43011)] and [\textit{J. Faraut} and \textit{K. Harzallah}, Deux cours d'analyse harmonique. Boston-Basel-Stuttgart: Birkhäuser (1987; Zbl 0622.43001)] allow then to extend an invariant distribution in \(\mathcal D'(\mathfrak p\setminus\{0\})^K \) into an element of \( \mathcal D'(\mathfrak p)^K \). Finally, explicit computations show the result for distributions supported in \(\{0\} \).