Asymptotic analysis of non-self-adjoint Hill operators (Q2440537)

Let \(L (q)\) be the Hill operator generated in \(L_{2} (\mathbb{R})\) by the expression \[ l (y) : = - y'' + q (x) y, \] where \(q\) is a complex-valued summable function on \([0, 1]\) and \(q (x + 1) = q (x)\) for a.e. \(x \in \mathbb{R}.\) As is well known, the spectrum of the operator \(L (q)\) is the union of the spectra of the Sturm-Liouville operators \(L_t(q)\) for \(t \in (- \pi, \pi],\) where \(L_{t} (q)\) denotes the operator generated in \(L_{2} [0, 1]\) by \(l (y)\) under the boundary conditions \[ y (1) = e^{i t} y (0), \quad y' (1) = e^{i t} y' (0). \] Uniform asymptotic formulas are obtained for the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the operators \(L_t(q)\). Based on these formulas sufficient conditions on the potential \(q\) are found in order that the number of the spectral singularities in the spectrum of \(L (q)\) is only finite. Under the same conditions it is proved that the operator \(L (q)\) is an asymptotically spectral operator.