Dirac and magnetic Schrödinger operators on fractals (Q2440969)

This article is part of a larger program concerning partial differential operators on fractal sets. Here it is proposed a construction of the Dirac and Schrödinger operators with magnetic potential on the Sierpinski gasket. Let \(K\) denote the Sierpinski gasket in \(\mathbb{R}^2\) on which there is considered the regular energy form \(E\) on its function space \(\mathcal{F}\), and let \(\mathcal{F}_{\mathbb{C}}\) be its complexification. Let \(\nu\) denote the Kusuoka energy measure on \(K\) and consider the Hilbert space \(L_{2,\mathbb{C}}(K,\nu)\). The Hilbert space \(\mathcal{H}_\mathbb{C}\) is defined as the space generated by the semi-inner product \(\langle a\otimes b,c\otimes d\rangle_{\mathcal{H}}=\int_K b\bar d\Gamma(a,c)d\nu\) on \(\mathcal{F}_{\mathbb{C}}\otimes\mathcal{F}_{\mathbb{C}}\), where \(\Gamma(f,g)\) denotes the complexified distribution of \(\nu_{f,g}\). A derivation operator \(\partial: \mathcal{F}_{\mathbb{C}}\rightarrow \mathcal{H}_{\mathbb{C}}\) is defined by \(\partial f=f\otimes 1\), that can be viewed as an unbounded closed operator from \(L_{2,\mathbb{C}}(K,\nu)\) into \(\mathcal{H}_{\mathbb{C}}\). A divergence \(\partial^*:\mathcal{H}_{\mathbb{C}}\rightarrow\mathcal{F}_{\mathbb{C}}^*\) can be defined and then the Dirac operator \(D=\left[\begin{matrix} 0 & -i\partial^* \\ -i\partial & 0 \end{matrix}\right]\) can be defined as a linear operator on \(L_{2,\mathbb{C}}(K,\nu)\oplus \mathcal{H}_{\mathbb{C}}\). One of the main result of this article states that \(D\) is a selfadjoint operator. The second main result of the article refers to a construction of a magnetic Schrödinger operator on the Sierpinski gasket. Finally, there is a short discussion on similar constructions and results for other fractal sets.