Laplacians on the basilica Julia set (Q974427)

The Iterated Function Systems (IFS) introduced by Hutchinson in 1981 constitute an important generator of fractals. By generalizing such IFS some new methods have been obtained. The most important and rich collections of fractals are the Julia sets of complex dynamical systems. In this paper the authors construct Dirichlet forms and the corresponding Laplacians on the basilica Julia set of the quadratic polynomial \(P(z)=z^2-1\), for which the topology induced by the effective resistance is just the usual topology in \(\mathbb{C}\). In section 2 the construction starts with providing the basilica Julia set with a finitely ramified cell structure (which is intimately connected to the topology). All local regular Dirichlet forms that yield a topology equivalent to the usual topology of \(\mathbb{C}\) and some of their properties are described in section 3. In section 4 the authors present Laplacians corresponding to these Dirichlet forms and arbitrary Radon measures. Finally, the unique Dirichlet form and Laplacian that are conformally invariant under the dynamical system are described. The latter Laplacian does not have spectral decimation and its eigenstructure cannot be determined, but the scaling exponent in the Weyl law for this fractal can be computed to be 4/3 using the renewal theorem. The energy renormalization factor is \(\sqrt{2}\) in the conformally invariant case. The subject of this paper is very interesting.