Exact critical values of the symmetric fourth \(L\) function and vector valued Siegel modular forms (Q2445042)

For the Ramanujan delta function \(\Delta\), \textit{D. Zagier} conjectured in [Modular Funct. of one Var. VI, Proc. int. Conf., Bonn 1976, Lect. Notes Math. 627, 105-169 (1977; Zbl 0372.10017)] the exact value of \(L(s,\Delta;\text{sym}(4))/(\Delta,\Delta)^3\) for \(s = 24,26,28,30,32\), where \((\, ,\,)\) indicates the Petersson inner product. In this paper, this conjecture is reduced to determine the ratio \((\Delta,\Delta)^3/(F_1,F_1)\) for a Siegel modular form \(F_1\) of degree \(2\) in the following way. Let \(E_k\) be the Siegel Eisenstein series on \(\mathfrak{H}_{4}\) of weight \(k\). Let \(S_{k,m}\) be the space of \(\mathbb{C}^{m+1}\)-valued full-modular cusp forms \(f\) of weight \(\det(k) \otimes \text{sym}(m)\) (of \(\mathrm{GL}_2(\mathbb{C})\)). The authors define a differential operator \(\mathfrak{D}_l\), and construct a pullback formula such that \[ \mathfrak{D}_lE_k(z_1,z_2) = \sum_{j = 1}^{\dim S_{k,l}} \frac{\Lambda(l-2,f_j;r_5)}{(f_j,f_j)} f_j(z_1) \otimes f_j(z_2), \quad z_i \in \mathfrak{H}_2, \] where \(f_j \in S_{k,l}\) are orthogonal Hecke eigenforms, and \(\Lambda(l-2,f_j;r_5)\) indicates a constant multiple of the special value of the (standard) \(L\)-function \(L(s,f_j; r_5)\) (of degree \(5\)). According to \textit{D. Ramakrishnan} and \textit{F. Shahidi} [Math. Res. Lett. 14, No. 2, 315--332 (2007; Zbl 1132.11023)], there is an \(F_1 \in S_{13,10}\) such that \(L(s,F_1;r_4) = L(s,f;\text{sym}(3))\) and \(L(s,F_1;r_5) = L(s,\Delta;\text{sym}_4)\), where \(L(s,F_1;r_4)\) indicates the spinor \(L\)-function (of degree \(4\)). The authors show that \(S_{13,10}\) is spanned by this \(F_1\) and another form \(F_2\), and write them as theta series. Therefore, it is possible to calculate their Fourier coefficients. By calculating explicitly the coefficients of \(\mathfrak{D}_l\), the Fourier coefficients of \(\mathfrak{D}_lE_k\) are calculated. Then, the pullback formula is \(\mathfrak{D}_lE(z_1,z_2) = c_1 F_1(z_1) \otimes F_1(z_2) + c_2 F_2(z_1) \otimes F_2(z_2)\). Comparing the Fourier coefficients of both sides, they determine \(c_1\) and \(c_2\). Therefore, Zagier's conjecture is reduced to determine a ratio. From this result, they conjecture that, for a primitive (elliptic modular) form \(f\) of weight \(k\) and the Siegel modular form \(F \in S_{k+1,k-2}\) such that \(L(s,F;r_4) = L(s,f;\text{sym}(3))\), the ratio \((F,F)/(f,f)^3\) belongs to the Hecke field \(\mathbb{Q}(f)\). Additionally, they show a congruence for the Fourier coefficients of \(F_1\) and \(F_2\)