Int-decomposable algebras (Q2448291)

Let \(D\) be an integral domain with field of fractions \(k\) of characteristic zero, let \(A=\bigoplus_{i=1}^tD\alpha_i\) be a free \(D\)-algebra of finite rank, satisfying \(A\cap k=D\), and let \(B=k\otimes_D A\). The author considers the sets \(\mathrm{Int}(A)=\{f\in B[X]:\;f(A)\subset A\}\) and \(\mathrm{Int}_k(A)=\mathrm{Int}(A)\cap k[X]\), and calls the algebra \(A\) \(\mathrm{Int}_k\)-decomposable, if \[ \mathrm{Int}(A) =\oplus_{i=1}^t \mathrm{Int}_k(A)\alpha_i. \] After showing that the equality \(\mathrm{Int}_k(A)=\mathrm{Int}(D)\) implies the \(\mathrm{Int}_k\)-decomposability of \(A\), and the last property implies that \(\mathrm{Int}(A)\) is a ring, the author studies the behavior of \(\mathrm{Int}(A)\) and \(\mathrm{Int}_k(A)\) under localization and shows that \(A\) is \(\mathrm{Int}_k\)-decomposable if and only if for every prime ideal \(P\) of \(D\) the localization \(A_P\) is \(\mathrm{Int}_k\)-decomposable (Theorem 3.3). In the case when \(D\) is a Dedekind domain with the finite norm property the author describes \(\mathrm{Int}_k\)-decomposable algebras \(A\) (Theorem 4.4) and gives a necessary and sufficient condition for the equality \(\mathrm{Int}_k(A) = \mathrm{Int}(D)\) (Theorem 4.6). This answers (in the case of Dedekind \(D\)) two questions asked by \textit{S. Frisch} [Actes du CIRM, 2 (2), 27--32 (2010; \url{https://eudml.org/doc/196287})]. Corollary 5.11 states that if \(D\) is Dedekind, then \(A\) is \(\mathrm{Int}_k\)-decomposable if and only if for every prime ideal \(P\) of \(D\) there exists a finite field \(\mathbb{F}_q\) and an integer \(n\) such that \(A/PA\) is isomorphic to a direct sum of finitely many copies of matrix rings \(M_n(\mathbb{F}_q)\). Examples are given of noncommutative \(\mathrm{Int}_k\)-decomposable algebras different from matrix rings, and it is shown that if \(D\) is the ring of integers in a finite extension \(k\) of the rationals, \(K\) is the Hilbert class-field of \(k\), and \([K:k]\) is odd, then the ring of integers of \(K\) is \(\mathrm{Int}_k\)-decomposable. The paper concludes with some open questions.