On some classes of polynomials with nonnegative coefficients and a given factor (Q2448981)

For \(f\in \mathbb R[X]\), set \(\delta (f)=\inf \{\deg g: g\in\mathbb R[X],\;gf\in\mathbb R_{>0}[X]\}\) and \(\delta_0(f)=\inf \{\deg g: g\in {\mathbb R}[X] \setminus \{0\},\;gf \in {\mathbb R}_{\geq 0}[X]\}\). \textit{J.-P. Borel} [Fifty years of polynomials, Proc. Conf. in Honour of Alain Durand, Paris/Fr. 1988, Lect. Notes Math. 1415, 97--115 (1990; Zbl 0723.12001)] found some bounds for these quantities. In Section 2 of the present paper a lower bound for \(\Delta(f)\) is given, where \(\Delta \in \{\delta, \delta_0 \}\), when \(f\) is the product of some quadratic polynomials. In Section 4 an upper bound is found for \(\Delta(C_n)\), where \(C_n\) is the \(n\)-th cyclotomic polynomial. The sets of multipliers for a given polynomial \(f\) are defined as \(S_{\delta}(f) = \{g \in \mathbb R[X]:g \;\text{monic},\;gf \in \mathbb R_{>0}[X]\;\text{and}\;\deg(g) = \delta(f)\}\), and \(S_{\delta_0}(f)\), defined similarly. The remaining part of the paper is devoted to \(\Delta\)-multipliers, that is, the elements of the sets \(S_\Delta(f)\), where \(\Delta \in\{\delta, \delta_0\}\). For quadratic polynomials \(X^2 -bX +1\) with \(0<b<2\), the author gives a method for constructing \(\Delta\)-multipliers with positive coefficients using an appropriate sequence of polynomials defined recurrently (Section 3). Also, he shows that for a monic irreducible quadratic polynomial with a negative middle coefficient every multiplier has positive coefficients. The last section gives a method for constructing in a finite number of steps a \(\Delta\)-multiplier with integer coefficients for a polynomial \(f \in \mathbb Z[X]\) with no zeros in \(\mathbb R_{\geq 0}\).