Darboux theory of integrability in the sparse case (Q2449616)

The paper focus on the Darboux theory of integrability for polynomial differential systems in \(\mathbb{C}^n\). Darboux's theorem and Jouanolou's theorem deal with the existence of first integrals and rational first integrals of a polynomial vector field. These results are given in terms of the degree of the polynomial vector field. The author shows that we can get the same kind of results if we consider the size of a Newton polytope associated to the vector field. The main result is the following: Let \(D=\sum_{i=1}^n A_i(X_1,\dots,X_n)\partial_{X_i}\) be a derivation. Consider generic values \((x_1,\dots,x_n) \in \mathbb{C}^n\) and the polytope \(N_D= \mathcal{N}(\sum_{i=1}^n x_i A_i/x_i )\). Let \(B\) be the number of integer points in \(N_D \cap \mathbb{N}^n\), then (i). if \(D\) has at least \(B+1\) irreducible Darboux polynomials then \(D\) has a Darboux first integral, (ii). if \(D\) has at least \(B+n\) irreducible Darboux polynomials then \(D\) has a rational first integral. Furthermore, these bounds are optimal.