Hypoellipticity and higher order Levi conditions (Q2451926)

The author studies the \(C^\infty\)-hypoellipticity for a class of operators with anisotropic symplectic double characteristics, in the case in which the classical condition of minimal loss of derivatives is violated. The author follows the strategy devised by \textit{V. V. Grushin} [Math. USSR, Sb. 13, 155--185 (1971; Zbl 0238.47038)]; \textit{J. Sjöstrand} [Ark. Mat. 12, 85--130 (1974; Zbl 0317.35076)]; \textit{L. Boutet de Monvel} [Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 27, 585--639 (1974; Zbl 0294.35020)]; \textit{L. Boutet de Monvel} et al. [Astérisque 34--35, 93--121 (1976; Zbl 0344.32009)], then further developed by \textit{B. Helffer} [Bull. Soc. Math. Fr., Suppl., Mém. 51--52, 13--61 (1977; Zbl 0374.35012)] in his study of hypoellipticity with loss of \(3/2\) derivatives, and finally pushed to all orders of the parametrix construction by \textit{C. Parenti} and \textit{A. Parmeggiani} [Kyushu J. Math. 59, No. 1, 155--230 (2005; Zbl 1076.35138)] in their characterization (in terms of the lower order terms) of the hypoellipticity with a big loss of derivatives for a class of operators with multiple symplectic characteristics. The author succeeds in adapting to the anisotropic setting the last papers, and is finally able to apply his main result to the study of the \(C^\infty\)-hypoellipticity of some interesting models, namely an extension of the Kohn operator, the Gilioli-Treves operator and the tangent Grushin-type operators.