The principal numbers of K. Saito for the types \(A_{l}, D_{l}\) and \(E_{l}\) (Q2455588)

The principal number \(\sigma(\Gamma)\) of a tree \(\Gamma\), originally introduced by \textit{K. Saito} [Adv. Math. 212, 645--668 (2007; Zbl 1171.52004)] as the maximal number of chambers of a graphic arrangement associated with \(\Gamma\), the \(\Gamma\)-cone, may be considered in a purely graph, resp. order-theoretic setting as the maximal number of linear orderings of the vertex set of \(\Gamma\) extending the partial ordering given by \(\Gamma\), when \(\Gamma\) is equipped with an orientation. There are two orientations (principal orientations) of \(\Gamma\) yielding the maximal number of linear extensions. This paper investigates the principal numbers \(\sigma(\Gamma)\) for the Coxeter-Dynkin graphs of types \(A_l\), \(D_l\) and \(E_l\). Recurrence relations (in case of \(\sigma(D_l)\) and \(\sigma(E_l)\) also involving \(\sigma(A_l)\)) and generating functions are given as well as explicit values for \(l\leq 15\).