Multiple positive solutions to superlinear repulsive singular impulsive differential equations (Q2458521)

The authors consider the singular impulsive boundary value problem with periodic boundary conditions \[ \begin{aligned} &y'' + m^2y = f(t,y), \qquad t \in [0,2\pi],\;t\not=t_k, \\ &\Delta y' | _{t=t_k} = I_k(y(t_k)), \\ &y(0) = y(2\pi),\;y'(0) = y'(2\pi), \end{aligned} \] where \(0 < t_1 < \ldots < t_p < 2\pi\), \(f: [0,2\pi] \times\mathbb R \to\mathbb R\) can be singular at \(y = 0\), superlinear at \(y = \infty\), \(I_k\) are continuous. Here, for the positone case (i.e. \(f(t,y) > 0\), \(I_k(y) > 0\) for each \(t \in [0,2\pi]\), each \(y > 0\)) and semipositone case, sufficient conditions for the existence of at least one positive solution and at least two positive solutions of the boundary problem are derived. The proofs are based on Krasnoselskii's fixed-point theorem and nonlinear alternative of Leray-Schauder type.