BMO and \(H^{1}\) for the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck operator (Q2461240)

Suppose that \(d\) is a positive integer. Let \(\gamma\) denote the Gauss measure on \( \mathbb R^d\), i.e., the probability measure defined by \(d\gamma(x)=\pi^{-d/2}e^{-| x| ^2}d\lambda(x)\) for all \(x\in{\mathbb R^d}\), where \(\lambda\) is the Lebesgue measure. In this paper, the authors develop a theory of singular integral operators acting on function spaces over the measured metric space \(({\mathbb R^d,\rho,\gamma})\), where \(\rho\) denotes the Euclidean distance. This theory plays for the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck operator the same role as the classical Calderón-Zygmund theory plays for the Laplacian on \(({\mathbb R^d,\rho,\lambda})\). Let \(m(x)=\min(1,1/| x| )\) for all \(x\in {\mathbb R^d}\), and for \(a>0\), let \({\mathcal B}_a\) denote the collection of all Euclidean balls \(B\) on \({\mathbb R^d}\) such that \(r_B\leq am(c_B)\). Balls in \({\mathcal B}_a\) are referred to as admissible balls of parameter \(a\). A remarkable feature of admissible balls is that the Gauss measure is doubling on each class \({\mathcal B}_a\) with constant depending on \(a\). The method used by the authors to establish their theory requires the introduction of two new function spaces: the space \(\text{BMO}(\gamma)\) of functions with ``bounded mean oscillation'' and its predual, the atomic Hardy space \(H^1(\gamma)\). A function \(f\in L^1(\gamma)\) is said to belong to \(\text{BMO}(\gamma)\) if \[ \| f\| _\ast^{{\mathcal B}_1}=\sup_{B\in {\mathcal B}_1}\frac{1} {\gamma(B)}\int_B| f(x)-f^{\gamma}_B| \,d\gamma(x)<\infty, \] where \(f^\gamma_B\) denotes the average of \(f\) over \(B\) with respect to the Gauss measure. An atom is either the constant function \(1\) or a function supported in a ball \(B\) of \({\mathcal B}_1\) with vanishing integral and satisfying an appropriate size condition. A function \(g\in L^1(\gamma)\) is said to belong to \(H^1(\gamma)\) if \(g=\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\lambda_k a_k\), where \(a_k\) is an atom and \(\sum_{k=1}^\infty | \lambda_k| <\infty\). The authors show that if \(p\) is in \((2,\infty)\), then \(L^p(\gamma)\) is an intermediate space between \(L^2(\gamma)\) and \(\text{BMO}(\gamma)\), and that an inequality of John-Nirenberg type holds for functions in \(\text{BMO}(\gamma)\). Then, the authors show that if \({\mathcal M}\) is a bounded operator on \(L^2(\gamma)\) and the Schwartz kernels of \({\mathcal M}\) and of its adjoint satisfy a ``local integral condition of Hörmander type'', then \({\mathcal M}\) extends to a bounded operator from \(H^1(\gamma)\) to \(L^1(\gamma)\), from \(L^\infty(\gamma)\) to \(\text{BMO}(\gamma)\) and on \(L^p(\gamma)\) for all \(p\) in \((1,\, \infty)\). As an application, the authors show that certain singular integral operators related to the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck operator, which are unbounded on \(L^1(\gamma)\) and on \(L^\infty(\gamma)\), turn out to be bounded from \(H^1(\gamma)\) to \(L^1(\gamma)\) and from \(L^\infty(\gamma)\) to \(\text{BMO}(\gamma)\).