Wavelet para-bases and sampling numbers in function spaces on domains (Q2465283)

Let \(\Omega\) be an open set (domain) in \(\mathbb{R}^n\). There are different possibilities to consider function spaces of type \(B^s_{pq}\) or \(F^s_{pq}\) on \(\Omega\), where \(s\in\mathbb{R}\), \(0<p,q\leq\infty\) (with \(p<\infty\) in case of \(F^s_{pq}\)). In the present paper several approaches are discussed in detail, covering in particular those obtained by restriction from their \(\mathbb{R}^n\)-counterparts, by intrinsic definitions, by completion (and restriction) of compactly supported (in \(\Omega\)) smooth functions, as well as adapted to a refined Whitney decomposition in \(\Omega\). Main emphasis is put on very general domains and so-called \(E\)-thick domains (including, in particular, Lipschitz domains as well as many self-similar fractals). A second central topic are wavelet decompositions of such spaces, used to prove diversity and coincidences of the spaces under consideration, but also interesting on its own. The same applies to the local polynomial reproducing formulas dealt with in Section~4. Finally, in Section~5, sampling numbers of compact embeddings of the type \[ \widetilde{\mathrm{id}}_\Omega : \widetilde{B}^s_{pq}(\Omega) \hookrightarrow L_t(\Omega), \quad 0<t\leq\infty, \] are studied, where \(0<p,q\leq\infty\), \(s>\frac{n}{p}\), and \(\Omega\) stands for an arbitrary or \(E\)-thick domain in \(\mathbb{R}^n\) with finite measure. It turns out that asymptotically the sampling numbers \(g_k(\widetilde{\mathrm{id}}_\Omega)\) behave like \(k^{-s/n + \max(1/p-1/t,0)}\), \(k\in\mathbb{N}\), no matter whether linear or non-linear sampling numbers are considered.