A minimal set of generators for the ring of multisymmetric functions (Q2466298)

Let \(A\) be a ring, and denote by \(\left( A\left[ x_{1},\dots,x_{r}\right] ^{\otimes_{A}d}\right) ^{\mathfrak{S}_{d}}\) the ring of multisymmetric functions for some positive integers \(r,d.\) In the case where \(A\) is a field of characteristic zero, explicit generators of \(\left( A\left[ x_{1} ,\dots,x_{r}\right] ^{\otimes_{A}d}\right) ^{\mathfrak{S}_{d}}\) as an \(A\)-algebra are well-known; however for more general \(A\) it can be shown that \(\left( A\left[ x_{1},\dots,x_{r}\right] ^{\otimes_{A}d}\right) ^{\mathfrak{S}_{d}}\) is finitely generated without explicitly constructing a generating set. This paper explicitly gives a minimal set of generators for this ring as an \(A\)-algebra. In detail, for \(n\in\mathbb{N}\) and \(p\) prime, let \(a_{s}a_{s-1}\cdots a_{0}\) be the representation of \(n\) in base \(p\). Let \(Q_{p}\left( n\right) \left( t\right) =a_{s}t^{s}+a_{s-1}t^{s-1}+\cdots+a_{0}\in\mathbb{N}\left[ t\right] .\) Then \(\left( A\left[ x_{1},\dots,x_{r}\right] ^{\otimes_{A} d}\right) ^{\mathfrak{S}_{d}}\) is generated as an \(A\)-algebra by \(\left\{ \left( x^{\alpha}\right) ^{\otimes k}\otimes1^{\otimes d-k}+\dots+1^{\otimes d-k}\otimes\left( x^{\alpha}\right) ^{\otimes k}\right\} ,\) where \(1\leq k\leq d\) and \(\alpha\in\mathbb{N}^{r}\setminus\{ 0 \} \) such that \(\gcd\left( \alpha\right) =1\) and either \(k\left| \alpha\right| \leq d\) or \(Q_{p}\left( k\alpha_{1}\right) +\cdots+Q_{p}\left( k\alpha _{r}\right) \leq Q_{p}\left( d\right) \) for some prime \(p\) not invertible in \(A\). This generating set is minimal. The above result allows the author to obtain a degree bound on the generators. Namely, \(\left( A\left[ x_{1},\dots,x_{r}\right] ^{\otimes_{A}d}\right) ^{\mathfrak{S}_{d}}\) is generated by the elements of degree at most \(\max _{p}\left\{ d,\left( \left( a_{p}+r-1\right) p^{b_{p}}-r\right) \right\} ,\) where \(a_{p}\) and \(b_{p}\) are the leading coefficient and degree, respectively, of \(Q_{p}\left( d\right) \left( t\right) .\) Additionally, every generating set for \(\left( A\left[ x_{1},\dots,x_{r}\right] ^{\otimes_{A}d}\right) ^{\mathfrak{S}_{d}}\) contains an element of this degree, so this result provides a sharp degree bound on the generators.