Degree and index theories for noncompact function triples (Q2466985)

The author develops a general procedure of how to extend a given degree theory to a larger class of mappings and spaces. Fix topological spaces \(X\) and \(Y\), a family \(\mathcal{O}\) of open subsets of \(X\), and a set \(\mathcal{G}_0\) of topological spaces. Consider a set of triples \((F,p,\Omega)\), where \(\Omega\in\mathcal{O}\), \(F:\overline{\Omega}\to Y\) is a (not necessarily continuous) map, and \(p:\Gamma\to X\) is a continuous map with \(\Gamma\in \mathcal{G}_0\). If there is a \(q:\Gamma\to Y\), then we write \((F,p,q,\Omega)\in\mathcal{T}\). The idea is to look for coincidence points in \(\text{Coin}_M(F,p,q):=\{x\in M\mid F(x)\in q(p^{-1}(\{x\})\}\) for \(M\subset\overline{\Omega}\). Denote by \(\mathcal{T}_0\) the set of all \((F,p,q,\Omega)\in\mathcal{T}\) such that \(q| p^{-1}(\overline{\Omega})\) is continuous and compact and \(\text{Coin}_{\partial\Omega}(F,p,q)=\varnothing\). The author considers the situation where one has a degree theory for \(\mathcal{T}_0\) with values in a semigroup \(G\). In order to make this precise, he lists some natural conditions on a degree theory for \(\mathcal{T}_0\). Following this, he gives an axiomatic description of the notion of ``fundamental set'' [cf.\ \textit{B. N. Sadovskij}, Usp.\ Mat.\ Nauk 27, No. 1(163), 81--146 (1972; Zbl 0232.47067); Engl.\ transl.\ in Russ.\ Math.\ Surv.\ 27, No. 1, 85--155 (1972; Zbl 0243.47033)]. He then explains how to extend a degree theory and he discusses criteria to characterize fundamental sets. Finally, the author explains how to find fundamental sets.