Degree and index theories for noncompact function triples

Publication date 18 January 2008

Published in Topological Methods in Nonlinear Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

condensing map degree fixed point index multivalued map

Degree theory for nonlinear operators (47H11) Set-valued maps in general topology (54C60) Fixed points and coincidences in algebraic topology (55M20)

Review text

The author develops a general procedure of how to extend a given degree theory to a larger class of mappings and spaces. Fix topological spaces \(X\) and \(Y\), a family \(\mathcal{O}\) of open subsets of \(X\), and a set \(\mathcal{G}_0\) of topological spaces. Consider a set of triples \((F,p,\Omega)\), where \(\Omega\in\mathcal{O}\), \(F:\overline{\Omega}\to Y\) is a (not necessarily continuous) map, and \(p:\Gamma\to X\) is a continuous map with \(\Gamma\in \mathcal{G}_0\). If there is a \(q:\Gamma\to Y\), then we write \((F,p,q,\Omega)\in\mathcal{T}\). The idea is to look for coincidence points in \(\text{Coin}_M(F,p,q):=\{x\in M\mid F(x)\in q(p^{-1}(\{x\})\}\) for \(M\subset\overline{\Omega}\). Denote by \(\mathcal{T}_0\) the set of all \((F,p,q,\Omega)\in\mathcal{T}\) such that \(q| p^{-1}(\overline{\Omega})\) is continuous and compact and \(\text{Coin}_{\partial\Omega}(F,p,q)=\varnothing\). The author considers the situation where one has a degree theory for \(\mathcal{T}_0\) with values in a semigroup \(G\). In order to make this precise, he lists some natural conditions on a degree theory for \(\mathcal{T}_0\). Following this, he gives an axiomatic description of the notion of ``fundamental set [cf.\ \textit{B. N. Sadovskij}, Usp.\ Mat.\ Nauk 27, No. 1(163), 81--146 (1972; Zbl 0232.47067); Engl.\ transl.\ in Russ.\ Math.\ Surv.\ 27, No. 1, 85--155 (1972; Zbl 0243.47033)]. He then explains how to extend a degree theory and he discusses criteria to characterize fundamental sets. Finally, the author explains how to find fundamental sets.

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