Weak Grothendieck's theorem (Q2469003)

A Banach space \(X\) is said to satisfy weak Grothendieck's theorem (WGT) if all linear and bounded operators from \(X\) into a Hilbert space are absolutely \(2\)-summing. Based on Kashin's decomposition theorem for \(L_1^{2n}\) (the space of all scalar-valued \(2n\)-tuples equipped with the norm \(\| (a_1,\dots, a_{2n})\| _{L_1^{2n}}:= \frac{1}{2n} \sum_{i=1}^{2n} | a_i| \)) in [\textit{B. S. Kashin}, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Mat. 41, 334--351 (1977; Zbl 0354.46021)], the author gives a characterization of spaces \(X\) for which the dual space \(X^*\) satisfies WGT and a modified cotype~\(2\) condition, in terms of extensions of operators \(u:E_n \rightarrow X\) to operators \(\tilde{u}:L_1^{2n} \rightarrow X\), with \(E_n\) being the corresponding \(n\)-dimensional space from Kashin's decomposition theorem. As examples, the Schatten spaces \(\mathcal{S}_p\), \(0<p<\infty\), and their finite-dimensional companions \(\mathcal{S}_p^n\) are investigated (with negative answers, basically due to the simple fact that these spaces contain \(\ell_2^n\) isometrically). Apart from some classical examples (mostly of spaces satisfying GT and thus also WGT), no further examples are given of spaces satisfying WGT, neither by using the abstract characterization nor by concrete computations.