Hilbert's 16th problem for classical Liénard equations of even degree (Q2480290)

The paper is focused on the proof of the existence of a finite upper bound for the number of limit cycles for classical Liénard equation \[ \dot{x}=y-F(x), \quad \dot{y}=-x, \] if \(F(x)\) is a polynomial of even degree \(n+1\), where the main problem is the studying of large amplitude limit cycles. In case restricting \(F\) to some compact set of polynomials of degree \(n+1=2l\) with \(l\geq1\), the authors present a complete study of such limit cycles, providing precise cyclicity for heteroclinic cycles containing two semi-hyperbolic saddles at infinity. Thus, it is proved that in this case the upper bound is \(l\).