A multilinear Lindenstrauss theorem (Q2491595)

The Bishop--Phelps theorem states that in any Banach space the set of norm attaining linear functionals form a dense subset of the set of continuous linear functionals. \textit{J.~Lindenstrauss} [Isr.\ J.\ Math.\ 1, 139--148 (1963; Zbl 0127.06704)] showed that this result does not extend to linear operators. However, in the same paper, he proved that given any two Banach spaces \(E\) and \(F\), the set of operators whose second adjoint attains their norm forms a norm dense subset of \({\mathcal L}(E;F)\), the space of all continuous linear operators from \(E\) to \(F\). In the present paper, the authors extend this latter result to multilinear mappings. In order to extend an \(n\)-linear mapping from \(X_1\times X_2\times\dots \times X_n\) into \(Y\) to an \(n\)-linear mapping from \(X_1''\times X_2''\times\dots \times X_n''\) into \(Y''\), the authors consider the Arens extensions of a multilinear mapping. Since the Arens extension uses the weak-\(^*\) density of the unit ball of a Banach space in its bidual to extend each of the variables of multilinear mapping in turn, there can be up to \(n!\) different Arens extensions of a multilinear mapping. The authors prove that given Banach spaces \(X_1,X_2,\dots, X_n\) and \(Y\), the set of \(n\)-linear mappings from \(X_1\times X_2\times\dots\times X_n\) into \(Y\) all of whose Arens extensions attain their norms at the same \(n\)-tuple are dense in the space of all \(n\)-linear mappings from \(X_1\times X_2\times\ldots\times X_n\) into \(Y\). This improves results of \textit{M.~D.\ Acosta} [Stud.\ Math.\ 131 (2), 155--165 (1998; Zbl 0934.46048)] and \textit{R.~M. Aron, D.~García} and \textit{M.~Maestre} [Publ.\ Res.\ Inst.\ Math.\ Sci.\ 39 (1), 165--172 (2003; Zbl 1035.46005)] for bilinear forms. The authors also show that the set of \(n\)-linear integral (respectively nuclear, multiple \(p\)-summing) forms on \(X_1\times X_2\times\cdots\times X_n\) whose Arens extensions attain their supremum norms at the same \(n\)-tuple are integral norm (respectively nuclear norm, \(p\)-summing norm) dense in the space of all \(n\)-linear integral (respectively nuclear, multiple \(p\)-summing) forms on \(X_1\times X_2\times\cdots\times X_n\).