On extreme zeros of classical orthogonal polynomials (Q2493929)

Let \(x_1\) and \(x_k\) be the least and the largest zeros of the Laguerre polynomials \(L_k^{(\alpha)}(x)\) or Jacobi polynomials \(P_k^{(\alpha,\beta)}(x)\) where \(k=deg L_k^{(\alpha)}=deg P_k^{(\alpha,\beta)}\). The author finds the sharp bound of \(x_k\) from below and of \(x_1\) from above under some restrictions to parameters \(\alpha,\beta\). The proof is based on so-called Bethe ansatz equations. The bounds in the opposite directions were obtained earlier in the author's paper ``On zeros of polynomials and allied functions satisfying second order differential equation'' [East J. Approx. 9, 51--65 (2003)]. Together these estimations conduct to the asymptotics of the extreme zeros \(x_1\) and \(x_k\). For instance, in the case of Laguerre polynomials \(L_k^{(\alpha)}(x),\;\alpha>50\), the extreme zeros satisfy \[ \frac{x_1}{V^2}=1+O\Bigl((\alpha+1)^{-\frac12}\Bigl(\frac1{\alpha+1}+\frac1k\Bigr)^{\frac16}\Bigr), \] \[ \frac{x_k}{U^2}=1-O(k^{-\frac16}(k+\alpha)^{-\frac12}) \] where \(V=\sqrt{k+\alpha+1}-\sqrt{k},\;U=\sqrt{k+\alpha+1}+\sqrt{k}\).