On the integrability of Lie subalgebroids (Q2496713)

It is well known that if \(G\) is a Lie group with the Lie algebra \(\mathfrak{g}\), then every Lie subalgebra \(\mathfrak{h}\) of \(\mathfrak{g}\) can be integrated by a Lie subgroup of \(G\). The analogous fact holds for transitive Lie algebroids and Lie groupoids [see \textit{J. Kubarski}, Colloq. Math. 54, 39--48 (1987; Zbl 0638.22001)]. However, this is not true in the category of nontransitive Lie algebroids. In the previous paper of the authors [Am. J. Math. 124, No.~3, 567--593 (2002; Zbl 1013.58010)] it is proved that any Lie subalgebroid \(\mathfrak{h}\) of an integrable Lie algebroid \(\mathfrak{g}\) is itself integrable, while the inclusion \(\mathfrak{h}\hookrightarrow\mathfrak{g}\) integrates to an immersion \(H\rightarrow G\) of the corresponding Lie groupoids, but there may not exist such an injective immersion. The aim of the paper is to give conditions under which the integration of \(\mathfrak{h}\) to a Lie subgroupoid \(H\) of \(G\mathfrak{\;}\)is possible. The problem of integrability by closed subgroupoids is also solved. One of the main theorems says that a Lie subalgebroid \(\mathfrak{h}\subset\mathfrak{g}\) (\(\mathfrak{g}\) is assumed to be integrated to a Lie groupoid \(G\)) can be integrated to an injective immersion \(H\rightarrow G\) if and only if the right invariant foliation of \(G\) determined by \(\mathfrak{h}\) has a trivial holonomy.