Open conditions for infinite multiplicity eigenvalues on elliptic curves (Q2497431)

Let \(K\) be a number field, and \(G_K= \text{Gal}(\overline K/K)\) the absolute Galois group. Let \(E\) be an elliptic curve defined over \(K\), and \(V_E= E(\overline K)\otimes\mathbb C\). The main theorem of the article shows that for each root of unity \(\zeta\), the set \(\Sigma_\zeta\) of \(\sigma\in G_K\) such that \(\zeta\) is an eigenvalue of infinite multiplicity for \(\sigma\) acting on \(V_E\) has non-empty interior. For the proof the authors treat firstly the case \(\zeta= -1\). Under the hypothesis that \(-1\) is an eigenvalue they show the \((-1)\)-eigenspace of \(\sigma\) is infinite-dimensional by appealing to [the first author, Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 134, No. 6, 1623--1630 (2006; Zbl 1084.11026)] for a quadratic twist of \(E\). For general case when \(\sigma\) is of order \(\geq 3\), their proof is based on the proposition which says that an arbitrary Riemann surface of genus \(\geq 3\) with an automorphism \(\sigma\) of order \(\geq 3\) contains a nonempty open subset \(U\) such that \(x\in U\) implies that \(\sum_{0\leq i\leq n-1}[\Sigma^i x]\otimes \zeta^{-i}\neq 0\) in \(\text{Pic\,}X\otimes\mathbb C\).