Classification of singular fibres of stable maps of 4-manifolds into 3-manifolds and its applications (Q2501657)

Consider stable maps from a real differentiable 4-manifold to a 3-manifold. The fibers of such maps are 1-dimensional spaces with singularities. The author modifies Saeki's definition of singular fibers and their equivalences to the case of his interest, i.e. when the source manifold is not necessarily oriented. The goal of the paper is to extend Saeki's result, which expresses the Euler number of the oriented source manifold as the number of certain singular fibers, to the non-oriented case. The author finds 7 singular fiber types such that under certain homological conditions, the sum of their numbers has the same parity as the Euler number of the 4-manifold. Other enumerative formulas and estimates of the same nature are also presented.