Modifying surfaces in 4-manifolds by twist spinning (Q2501675)

Let \(X\) be a smooth 4-dimensional manifold and \(\Sigma\subset X\) be a smooth surface of positive genus. Given a knot \(K\) in \(S^3\) and an integer \(m\), the author constructs a new surface \(\Sigma_K(m)\) in \(X\) obtained from \(\Sigma\) by a so-called \(m\)-twist rim surgery. This surgery is a ``twisted version'' of the rim surgery introduced by \textit{R.Fintushel} and \textit{R. Stern} [Math. Res. Lett. 4, No.6, 907--914 (1997; Zbl 0894.57014)], this is where the name comes from. The author finds some topological conditions under which the pair \((X,\Sigma_K(m))\) is homeomorphic to the pair \((X, \Sigma)\). As an application, the author gets examples of smoothly knotted surfaces in \({\mathbb C}{\mathbb P}^2\) that are topologically unknotted, and these surfaces are not isotopic to complex curves.