On the shape of the ground state eigenfunction for stable processes (Q2502239)

For a bounded convex domain in \(\mathbb R^d\) the authors consider the eigenvalue problem \((-\Delta)^{\alpha/2}\phi_n (x) = \lambda_n \phi_n (x)\) for \(x \in D\), \(\phi_n (x)=0\) for \(x \in D^c\), the Dirichlet problem for stable processes, \(0<\alpha<2\), \(0 < \lambda_1 < \lambda_2 < \lambda_3 <\dots \rightarrow \infty\). Their aim is to generalize some results known for the Brownian motion case \(\alpha= 2\) and the Cauchy case \(\alpha = 1\). For a convex domain symmetric with respect to each coordinate axis they define a concept ``mid-concavity'' first for certain straight segments parallel to a coordinate axis and then for the whole domain \(D\). Then, in a sequence of propositions, lemmata and corollaries, they proceed to the proof of their main result which says that if \(D\) is a rectangle \(Q\) symmetric to the origin and with each edge parallel to a cordinate axis the ``ground state eigenfunction'' \(\phi_1\) is mid-concave.