Coloured peak algebras and Hopf algebras. (Q2509197)

For a finite Abelian group \(G\), the authors study the properties of general equivalence relations on \(G_n\), the wreath product of \(G\) with the symmetric group \(S_n\), also known as the \(G\)-coloured symmetric group. They show that under certain conditions, some equivalence relations give rise to subalgebras of \(kG_n\) (\(k\) a field, mostly of characteristic \(0\)), as well as graded connected Hopf subalgebras of the infinite direct sum of the \(kG_n\) for \(n\) non-negative. In particular, they construct a \(G\)-coloured peak subalgebra of the Mantaci-Reutenauer algebra, also called \(G\)-coloured descent algebra [\textit{R. Mantaci} and \textit{C. Reutenauer}, Commun. Algebra 23, No. 1, 27-56 (1995; Zbl 0836.20010)]. They show that the direct sum of the \(G\)-coloured peak algebras is a Hopf algebra. They also have similar results for the Loday-Ronco Hopf algebras of planar binary trees [\textit{J.-L. Loday} and \textit{M. O. Ronco}, Adv. Math. 139, No. 2, 293-309 (1998; Zbl 0926.16032)]. For many of the equivalence classes under study, they obtain a functor from the category of finite Abelian groups to the category of graded connected Hopf algebras. Finally they describe a Hopf endomorphism of the \(G\)-coloured descent Hopf algebra whose image is the \(G\)-coloured peak Hopf algebra. They outline a theory of combinatorial \(G\)-coloured Hopf algebras for which the \(G\)-coloured quasi-symmetric Hopf algebra and the graded dual of the \(G\)-coloured peak Hopf algebra are central objects.