Joint universality theorems for pairs of automorphic zeta functions (Q2509943)

The paper treats joint universality of some classes of \(L\)-functions from the Selberg class (cf., e.g., [\textit{J. Kaczorowski} and \textit{A. Perelli}, Ann. Math. (2) 173, No. 3, 1397--1441 (2011; Zbl 1235.11085)] or [\textit{A. Selberg}, in: Proceedings of the Amalfi conference on analytic number theory, Maiori, Italy, 1989. Salerno: Universitá di Salerno. 367--385 (1992; Zbl 0787.11037)]). The goal of the paper is to show joint universality for pairs of \(L\)-functions whose Dirichlet coefficients \(a_1(n)\) and \(a_2(n)\) are real and satisfy Selberg's orthogonality conjecture: \[ \sum_{p\leq x} \frac {a_1(p)\overline{a_2(p)}}{p} = O(1),\qquad x\to\infty. \] The author thus confirms a conjecture of \textit{J. Steuding} [Value distribution of \(L\)-functions. Berlin: Springer (2007; Zbl 1130.11044)] in some special cases. Two \(L\)-functions \(F_1\), \(F_2\) are called jointly universal in the strip \(\sigma_0 < \sigma < 1\) if for every two subsets \(K_1, K_2\) of this strip, compact and with connected complement, every non-vanishing and continuous functions \(h_j\) on \(K_j\) analytic in the interior of \(K_j\), and every \(\varepsilon >0\), the lower density of the set \[ \{\tau>0:| L_j(s+i\tau)-h_j(s)| < \varepsilon\} \] is positive. Let \(\zeta (s)\) denote the Riemann zeta function, \(\mathcal F\) the set of normalized holomorphic cuspidal Hecke eigenforms of even positive integer weight for \(\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{Z})\), and \(\otimes\) the Rankin-Selberg product in \(\mathcal F\). The main results of the paper (Theorems 4--8) assert the joint universality of: {\parindent=6mm \begin{itemize} \item[--] \(\zeta (s)\) and \(L(s,f)\) for \(f\in\mathcal F\) in \(1/2<\sigma<1\), \item [--] \(L(s,f)\) and \(L(s,g)\) for distinct \(f, g\in\mathcal F\) in \(1/2<\sigma<1\), \item [--] \(\zeta (s)\) and \(L(s,\text{sym}^2 f)\) for \(f\in\mathcal F\) in \(2/3<\sigma<1\), \item [--] \(\zeta (s)\) and \(L(s,f\otimes g)\) for distinct \(f, g\in\mathcal F\) in \(3/4<\sigma<1\), \item [--] \(L(s,f)\) and \(L(s,f\otimes g)\) for \(f, g\in\mathcal F\) in \(3/4<\sigma<1\). \end{itemize}} As a corollary the author obtains universality of a product of any two of the jointly universal functions mentioned above.