Boundary-layer receptivity to external disturbances using multiple scales (Q2510246)

This paper introduces non-homogeneous multiple scales to solve both analytically and numerically the resonant problem of non-parallel boundary-layer receptivity originating from the quadrating mixing of environmental disturbances. The technique used is a classical asymptotic approximation which is frequently applied in physics. The condition for applying this method is the existence of two separated scales of temporal or spatial variation. It is found, among others, that the acoustic wave and wall roughness perturbations can propagate deeply into the boundary layer, generating a forcing term that is mainly localized near the wall, which leads to a quite large receptivity coefficient. On the other hand, the vorticity wave interacting with the wall roughness provides a coupling that is confined mostly outside boundary layer. The paper contains three appendices: A (homogeneous multiple-scale theory); B (Details of the multiple-scale derivation for the Navier-Stokes equations); C (interaction between the wall vibration and wall roughness). The paper ends with a long list of 70 papers and books, which is an excellent collection of papers for those who are engaged in the study of the boundary layer theory. The paper is extremely well written and will be useful not only for senior researchers, but also for MSc and PhD students.