Classification of the entire radial self-dual solutions to non-abelian Chern-Simons systems (Q2512393)

The authors of this interesting paper consider the non-abelian Chern-Simons systems of rank 2 in \(\mathbb{R}^2\) \[ \begin{pmatrix} \triangle u \\ \triangle v \end{pmatrix} =-K\begin{pmatrix} e^u \\ e^v \end{pmatrix} +K\begin{pmatrix} e^u & 0 \\ 0 & e^v \end{pmatrix} K\begin{pmatrix} e^u \\ e^v \end{pmatrix} +\begin{pmatrix} 4\pi N_1\delta_0 \\ 4\pi N_2\delta_0 \end{pmatrix} \] where \(K=(a_{ij})\) is a \(2\times 2\) matrix such that \(a_{ii}>0\), \(a_{ij}<0\) (\(|i-j|>0\)), \(i,j\in\{1,2\}\), and \(\mathrm{det}K>0\), \(N_1,N_2\geq 0\), and \(\delta_0\) is Dirac measure at the origin in \(\mathbb{R}^2\). also \(\sum\limits_{j=1}^{2}(K^{-1})_{ij}>0\), \(i=1,2\), where \(K^{-1}\) is the inverse matrix of \(K\). It is known that the Chern-Simons Lagrangian density in \(2 + 1\) dimensional spacetime involves the Higgs field and the gauge potential. There are two classes solutions, topological and non-topological being of interest which have been investigated during the last decades. The authors consider the energy minimizers of the Lagrangian functional which leads to the self-dual Chern-Simons equations. The structure of the radial solutions to every nonlinear system of PDEs is one of the problems being of great interest. Suppose that \((u(r),v(r))\) is an entire radial solution to the non-Abelian Chern-Simons system. The first main result states that one of the following statements holds: (i) \((u,v)\) is a topological solution; (ii) \((u,v)\) is a mixed type solution; (iii) \((u,v)\) is a non-topological solution, and \(e^u,e^v\in L^1(\mathbb{R}^2)\). The second result is that if \((u,v)\) is not a topological solution, then there exists a number \(R_0>0\) such that the quantities \(f_1=e^u-(1+a)e^{2u}+ae^{u+v}>0\), \(f_2=e^v-(1+b)e^{2v}+be^{u+v}>0\) (\(a,b>0\)) for \(r>R_0\). Also it is shown that the components \(u\) and \(v\) have intersection at most finite times.