On non-topological solutions of the \(\mathbf{G}_2\) Chern-Simons system (Q503437)

For any rank \(2\) of a simple Lie algebra, the relativistic Chern-Simons system has the form \[ \begin{cases} \Delta u_1+\left( \sum_{i=1}^2 K_{1i}e^{u_i}- \sum_{i=1}^2\sum_{j=1}^2 e^{u_i}K_{1i} e^{u_j}K_{ij}\right)=4\pi\sum_{j=1}^{N_1}\delta_{p_j},\\ \Delta u_2+\left( \sum_{i=1}^2 K_{2i}e^{u_i}- \sum_{i=1}^2\sum_{j=1}^2 e^{u_i}K_{2i} e^{u_j}K_{ij}\right)=4\pi\sum_{j=1}^{N_2}\delta_{q_j}, \end{cases} \] in \(\mathbb{R}^2,\) where \(K\) is the Cartan matrix of rank \(2.\) There exist three Cartan matrices of rank \(2:\) \(\mathbf{A}_2,\) \(\mathbf{B}_2\) and \(\mathbf{G}_2.\) A long-standing open problem for the above system is the question of existence of non-topological solutions, and in their previous paper [On non-topological solutions of the \(\mathbf{A}_2\) and \(\mathbf{B}_2\) Chern-Simons system. Mem. Am. Math. Soc. 1132 (2016; Zbl 1330.35123)] the authors have treated the cases of \(\mathbf{A}_2\) and \(\mathbf{B}_2\) Chern-Simons systems. The paper under review deals with the \(\mathbf{G}_2\) case. Assuming that either \[ N_2 \sum_{j=1}^{N_1}\delta_{p_j} = N_1 \sum_{j=1}^{N_2}\delta_{q_j} \] or \[ N_2 \sum_{j=1}^{N_1}\delta_{p_j} \neq N_1 \sum_{j=1}^{N_2}\delta_{q_j}\quad \text{and}\;N_1,N_2>1,\;|N_1-N_2|\neq 1, \] the authors prove existence of non-topological solutions by a perturbation from the corresponding \(\mathbf{G}_2\) Toda system with one singular source.