Contact points and Schatten composition operators (Q2512974)

In this paper, the authors consider composition operators acting on a Hardy space \(\mathbf{H}^2\) and the weighted Dirichlet space \(\mathcal{D}_{\alpha}\), for \(0\leq\alpha\leq 1\). Let \(\varphi\) be a holomorphic self-map of \(\mathbb{D}\), then the composition operator \(C_{\varphi}\) on \(\mathcal{D}_{\alpha}\) is defined as \(C_{\varphi}(f)=f\circ\varphi\) for \(f\in\mathcal{D}_{\alpha}\). For \(s\in(0, 1)\), the level set of \(\varphi\) is given by \[ E_{\varphi}(s)=\{\xi\in\mathbb{T}: |\varphi(\xi)|\geq s\}. \] The contact set of \(\varphi\) is \(E_{\varphi}=E_{\varphi}(1)\). It is well known that, for a Hilbert space \(\mathcal{H}\), a compact operator is in the Schatten class \(\mathcal{S}_{p}(\mathcal{H})\) if its sequence of singular numbers is in the sequence space \(\ell^p\). First, the authors consider Toeplitz operators on Bergman spaces \(\mathcal{A}_{\alpha}\), for \(\alpha>-1\). The authors give a simple proof of Luecking's Theorem [\textit{D. H. Luecking}, J. Funct. Anal. 73, 345--368 (1987; Zbl 0618.47018)]; namely, for \(p\geq1\), the Toeplitz operators \(T_{\mu}\in \mathcal{S}_p(\mathcal{A}_{\alpha})\) if and only if its Berezin transform \(\tilde{\mu}\in L^{p}(\mathbb{D}, d\lambda)\), where \(\displaystyle d\lambda(w)= (1-|w|^2)^{-2} dA(w)\). Second, the authors consider the Schatten class \(\mathcal{S}_p(\mathbf{H}^2)\) of composition operators \(C_{\varphi}\). They give a sufficient condition in terms of the level set of \(\varphi\) that ensures \(C_{\varphi}\) belongs to \(\mathcal{S}_{p}(\mathbf{H}^2)\); namely, for \(p\geq2\), \(C_{\varphi}\in\mathcal{S}_{p}(\mathbf{H}^2)\) whenever \(\displaystyle\int_{0}^{1} \frac{|E_{\varphi}(s)|^{p/2}}{(1-s)^{1+p/2}} ds\) is finite. As an immediate consequence, the authors give new examples of operators \(C_{\varphi}\) in \(\mathcal{S}_p(\mathbf{H}^2)\backslash \mathcal{S}_2(\mathbf{H}^2)\) for \(p>2\). Moreover, the authors consider outer functions \(\varphi\) which their contact set is reduced to one point. Let \(h\) be admissible function and let \(\varphi\) be the outer function on \(\mathbb{D}\) such that \(|\varphi(e^{it})|= e^{-h(t)}\), a.e on \((0, \pi)\). In this case, they show that for \(p>0\), \(C_{\varphi}\in \mathcal{S}_p(\mathbf{H}^2)\) if and only if \[ \int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{dt}{h(t)\left(\int_{t}^{\pi}\frac{h(s)}{s^2}ds\right)^{p/2-1}}<\infty. \] As a consequence, they prove that for \(q>0\) there exists a compact composition operator \(C_{\varphi}\) such that \(\displaystyle C_{\varphi} \in \cap_{q>p} \mathcal{S}_p(\mathbf{H}^2)\backslash \mathcal{S}_q(\mathbf{H}^2)\). Third, the authors study the size of contact set of \(\varphi\), when \(C_{\varphi}\) belongs to Schatten class \(\mathcal{S}_p(\mathcal{D}_{\alpha})\). In this case, they give sufficient conditions in terms of the \(\alpha\)-capacity of \(E_{\varphi}\) which ensure that \(C_{\varphi}\) belongs to \(\mathcal{S}_{p}(\mathcal{D}_{\alpha})\). They show that, for \(0<\alpha<1\) and \(p\leq 2/(1-\alpha)\), if \(C_{\varphi}\in\mathcal{S}_{p}(\mathcal{D}_{\alpha})\), then \(\text{cap}_{\alpha}(E_{\varphi})=0\). Moreover, they show that, for \(0<\alpha\leq1\), if \(\varphi\) is univalent function such that \(C_{\varphi}\in\mathcal{S}_{p}(\mathcal{D}_{\alpha})\), then \(\displaystyle\text{cap}_{\frac{p\alpha}{2+p\alpha}}(E_{\varphi})=0\).