Weak-injectivity and almost perfect domains (Q2518351)

Almost perfect domains have been introduced by \textit{S. Bazzoni} and \textit{L. Salce} [Colloq. Math. 95, 285--301 (2003; Zbl 1048.13014)]. This paper adds to the study of modules over these domains by characterizing them by weak-injectivity. Weak-injective modules have been defined as those modules \(M\) which satisfy \(\text{Ext}_{R}^{1}(A,M)=0\) for all \(R\)-modules \(A\) of weak dimension \(\leq 1\) [\textit{S. B. Lee}, Commun. Algebra 34, 361--370 (2006; Zbl 1094.13012)]. Properties of weak injectivity are explored further first. Let \(R\) be a commutative domain with 1 and field of quotients \(Q\). The authors show that a universal test module exists for weak injectivity irrespective of the cardinality of the module tested. It is shown that the cokernel of the embedding of an \(R\)-module in its weak-injective envelope is of weak dimension \(\leq 1.\) Flat \(R\)-modules are characterized as those modules whose weak-injective envelopes are direct sums of copies of \(Q\). Two results reminiscent of the properties with respect to flat modules, injective modules and the Hom functor are found: (1) It is shown that an \(R\)-module \(D\) is weak-injective if and only if \(\Hom_{R}(F,D)\) is weak-injective for every flat \(R\)-module \(F\) and (2) An \(R\)-module \(A\) is flat if and only if \(\Hom_{R}(A,M)\) is weak-injective for every weak-injective \(R\)-module \(M\). The weak-injective dimension of an \(R\)-module \(M\) is defined as the smallest integer \(n\) such that \(\text{Ext}_{R}^{n+1}(A,M)=0\) for all \(R\)-modules \(A\) of weak dimension \(\leq 1.\) If \(A\) is an \(R\)-module of weak dimension \(\leq 1,\) then it is shown that \(\Hom_{R}(A,D)\) has weak-injective dimension \(\leq 1\) for every weak-injective \(R\)-module \(D.\) Modules of injective dimension \(\leq n\) are characterized in terms of their weak injective dimension and properties of Ext. The global weak-injective dimension of the ring \(R\) (supremum of weak-injective dimensions of all \(R\)-modules) is shown to be equal to the supremum of projective dimensions of \(R\)-modules of weak dimension \(\leq 1.\) The main theorem of the paper characterizes the almost perfect domains as those non-field domains which have global weak-injective dimension 1. Making use of a result of \textit{S. B. Lee} [J. Algebra 299, 854--862 (2006; Zbl 1100.13010)], several other characterizations of almost perfect domains are found.