Slow and fast decay of solutions to some second order evolution equations (Q2565922)

The author studies the rate of decay to zero of solutions of semilinear evolution equations of the form \[ u^{\prime\prime}+u^{\prime}+Au+f(u)=0, \] where \(A=A^{\ast}\geq0\) is a linear operator on the real Hilbert space \(H=L^{2}(\Omega,d \mu)\) with \(\ker\,A\neq\emptyset\), \((I+A)^{-1}:H\rightarrow H\) is a compact operator, and \(f=c| u| ^{p-1}u\) with \(c>0\), \(p>1\). Solutions of the above equation tend to zero in the corresponding norm at least like \(t^{1/\left( 1-p\right) }\) as \(t\rightarrow\infty\). The author shows that the set of initial data of the solutions tending to zero exponentially fast has the structure of a manifold with codimension \(\dim\left( KerA\right) \) near zero. Moreover, the author studies the above problem in the case when \(H=L^{2}(\Omega)\) and \(A=-\Delta\) with Neumann homogeneous boundary conditions and under some conditions, he shows that the following alternative holds true: either \(u(t)\) tends to 0 exponentially fast in \(H_{0}^{1}\left( \Omega\right) \), or there exists \(c>0\) such that \(\| u(t)\|_{H_{0} ^{1}\left( \Omega\right) }\geq ct^{1/\left( 1-p\right) }\) for \(t\geq1\).