Corrected Fourier series and its application to function approximation (Q2569982)

Summary: Any quasismooth function \(f(x)\) in a finite interval \([0,x_{0}]\), which has only a finite number of finite discontinuities and has only a finite number of extremes, can be approximated by a uniformly convergent Fourier series and a correction function. The correction function consists of algebraic polynomials and Heaviside step functions and is required by the aperiodicity at the endpoints (i.e., \(f(0) \neq f(x_{0}))\) and the finite discontinuities in between. The uniformly convergent Fourier series and the correction function are collectively referred to as the corrected Fourier series. We prove that in order for the \(m\)th derivative of the Fourier series to be uniformly convergent, the order of the polynomial need not exceed \((m+1)\). In other words, including the no-more-than-\((m+1)\) polynomial has eliminated the Gibbs phenomenon of the Fourier series until its \(m\)th derivative. The corrected Fourier series is then applied to function approximation; the procedures to determine the coefficients of the corrected Fourier series are illustrated in detail using examples.