Rotation of wedges of extendability for tubelike CR manifolds of CR dimension 1 (Q2571461)

Let \(M\subset{\mathcal U}\subseteq\mathbb{C}^n\) be a real submanifold of real codimension \(d\), i.e., \(M=\{z\in{\mathcal U}:\rho(z)\equiv(\rho_1(z), \dots,\rho_d(z))=0\}\) with \(\rho\in C^\infty({\mathcal U},\mathbb{R}^d)\) and \(\partial\rho_1\wedge\cdots\wedge \partial\rho_d\neq 0\) along \(M\). Given an open convex cone \(\Gamma\subset\mathbb{R}^d\) with vertex at the origin, a point \(p\in M\), and an open neighborhood \({\mathcal V}\subseteq \mathbb{C}^n\) of the point \(p\), the wedge with edge \(M\) centered at \(p\) is \({\mathcal W}\equiv{\mathcal W}(\Gamma,{\mathcal V},p)=\{z\in{\mathcal V}:\rho(z)\in \Gamma\}\). When \(M\) is a CR manifold [\textit{S. Dragomir} and \textit{G. Tomassini}, Differential geometry and analysis in CR manifolds, Progress in Mathematics 246, Basel: Birkhäuser. (2006; Zbl 1099.32008)] a basic problem is whether an edge \({\mathcal W}\) exists such that all CR functions defined on a fixed open set extend holomorphically to \({\mathcal W}\). The CR manifold \(M\) is minimal at the point \(p\in M\) if there is no CR submanifold \(S\subset M\) such that \(p\in S\), \(\dim(S)<\dim(M)\) and \(\dim_\mathbb{R} T_{1,0}(S)_q=\dim_\mathbb{R} T_{1,0}(M)_q\) \((q\in S)\). Under the assumption of minimality at \(p\) the above mentioned problem may be solved and for every open neighborhood \(U\subseteq M\) of \(p\) there is [\textit{A. E. Tumanov}, Math. USSR, Sb. 64, No. 1, 129--140 (1989); translation from Mat. Sb., Nov. Ser. 136(178), No. 1(5), 128--139 (1988; Zbl 0692.58005)] an open neighborhood \({\mathcal V}\subseteq\mathbb{C}^n\) of \(p\) such that \(M\cap{\mathcal V}\subseteq U\) and there is a wedge \({\mathcal W}\equiv{\mathcal W}(\Gamma,{\mathcal V},p)\) such that each continuous CR function on \(U\) extends holomorphically to \({\mathcal W}\). That minimality is also necessary was shown by \textit{M. S. Baouendi} and \textit{L. P. Rothschild} [Invent. Math. 101, No. 1, 45--56 (1990; Zbl 0712.32009)]. As demonstrated by \textit{A. Boggess}, \textit{L. A. Glen} and \textit{A. Nagel} [Pac. J. Math. 184, 43--74 (1998; Zbl 0961.32022)], the wedges do not possess the nice functorial properties one may hope for, i.e., given open subsets \(V\subseteq U\subseteq M\) the region of extendability for the CR functions on \(V\) may fail to be contained in that of the CR functions on \(U\). In the paper under review this phenomenon is referred to by the geometrically pleasing term of wedge rotation and the main result of the paper is to characterize (in terms of the Hörmander numbers at a point) the points of a generic tubelike CR submanifold in \(\mathbb{C}^n\), of CR codimension 1, at which wedge rotation takes place. Ad majora!